Mumbai: diferenças entre revisões
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[[Image:Gateway of India.jpg|thumb|300px|O ''Portal da India'' , símbolo da cidade. Construído em comemoração à visita do Monarca Britânico à India em 1911. ]]
'''Mumbai''' ([[Marathi phrasebook|Marathi]]: मुंबई) [http://www.maharashtratourism.gov.in/], antigamente '''Bombaim''', é a maior cidade da [[Índia]] e acapital do estado de [[Maharashtra]]. Mumbai era originalmente um conglomerado de sete ilhas no litoral do [[Konkan]] que com o tempo foram sendo reunidas para formar a cidade-ilha Bombaim. Esta ilha depois foi juntada com a ilha vizinha de Salsette. Com uma população estimada em 21 milhões (2005), é uma das maiores do planeta. Também abriga a favela de Dharavi, a maior do mundo, e o porto mais importante do país. Sua natureza de cidade mais eclética e cosmopolita da India é simbolizada na presença de ''Bollywood'', o centro das indústrias do cinema e TV Hindi de influência global. Mumbai é a cidade mais ocidental e mais ocidentalizada da Índia, uma interessante mescla da antiga Índia com o moderno ocidente, o ponto mais próximo de uma possível “globalização” que inclua a Índia.
==Get in==
===By plane===
O Aeroporto Internacional Chhatrapati Shivaji ({{IATA|BOM}}) [http://www.csia.in] é o mais congestionado da Índia e um dos principais portais de entrada de viajantes estrangeiros. É servido por várias companhias aéreas tais como British Airways, Singapore Airlines, Emirates, Delta & Lufthansa. Low-cost carriers such as AirAsia [http://www.airasia.com] também. É frequentemente descrito como "um pulgueiro" e " um choque para o viajante". A Imigração é muito lenta, mas tem melhorado o serviço. Não possui caixas eletrônicos e fica a 28 km do centro da cidade.
==Circule==
A maioria dos habitantes de Mumbai utiliza transporte público de casa para o trabalho, devido a falta de estacionamentos, tráfego insano, asfalto sem manutenção, especialmente nas monções.
===De taxi===
Taxis são baratos e abundantes ($15-18 bastam para atravessar a cidade).
Alguns operadores:
*'''First Cars '''(+91-9766311830) [http://www.firstcars.in/]
*'''Mega Cab '''(+91-22-42424242) [http://www.megacabs.com/]
*'''Meru Cab '''(+91-22-44224422) [http://www.merucabs.com/]
*'''Fulora Gold Cab ''' (+91-22-32449999 / 32443333)
*'''Priyadarshini Cabs ''' - especially for single women/a service managed by women (+91-9820221107)
===De ônibus===
'''Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport''' (known as '''BEST''') [http://www.bestundertaking.com] provem serviços eficientes e abrangentes conectando cidade e suburbs. Some services also link the city with the extended suburbs like Navi Mumbai, Thane, and Mira-Bhayanadar areas.
===De trem===
===By train===
[[Image:BombayLocalTrain.JPG|thumb|250px|Mumbai suburban railway]]
[[Image:Mumbai suburban rail map.png|thumb|250px|Mumbai suburban railway route map]]
Funciona das 4 da manhã até 1 da manhã. Evite usar os trens locais na hora do rush (first class or otherwise). Rush hour is between 8:30AM and 10:30AM towards CST (VT) and Churchgate and between 5:30PM and 8:30PM in the opposite direction.
Conheça a badalada praia de Juhu Beach, a coisa mais alucinante em matéria de praia brega que um farofeiro poderia sonhar em conhecer.
Em Juhu há multidões de carrinhos de ambulante vendendo todo tipo de lembrancinhas, petiscos, coco verde, garapa, distribuídos por toda a areia por alguns quilômetros. Há camelos, pôneis e asnos de aluguel, binóculos para colocar o negativos das fotos que você pode encomendar por lá, crianças brincando na areia, banhistas em profusão e uma multidão indiana perambulando. Note que as mulheres por lá tomam banho de mar no interior de seus confortáveis saris! O curioso é que as mansões da praia têm enormes muros impedindo a vista para o mar e as fachadas das casa ficam de frente para a rua e não para o mar.
==Leia==
*''The Asian Age'' [http://www.asianage.com]
*''Mumbai Mirror'' [http://www.mumbaimirror.com]
*''DNA'' [http://www.dnaindia.com]
*''Mid Day'' [http://www.mid-day.com]
*''Times Of India'' [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/]
*''Hindustan Times'' [http://www.hindustantimes.com]
==Do==
There is a lot to do in Mumbai, but lack of space means that for outdoorsy activities, you need to head north, often outside city limits. In the Northwestern suburbs and Thane, you will find opportunities for water sports like H20[http://www.drishtiadventures.com/index.asp] at Girgaum Chowpatty. There are two golf courses in the city, the more famous one in Chembur[http://www.bpgc-golf.com/home.htm] in the Harbour suburbs.
Mumbai has a vibrant theater scene with plays in many languages including English, Hindi, Gujarati, and Marathi. While South Mumbai has frequent performances, the best organized theater effort is at Prithvi theater, Juhu in the Western Suburbs. There are plenty of opportunities to enjoy Indian classical music and dance. While not a patch on the ''Sabhas'' of Chennai, you will find frequent performances of Carnatic music in Shanmukhananda Hall, Matunga in the South Central suburbs.
Mumbai is also usually the first stop for Western pop and rock stars visiting India, which they usually do when they are over 50. The Rock scene is very good in Mumbai. These are very safe to go to and are recommended for rock fans. Most bands cover heavy metal acts like Pantera, Six feet under, and Slipknot, but at places like '''Not just jazz by the bay''', there are treats for Jazz fans, as well. To try to find places with specific music tastes try asking students outside Mumbai's colleges.
Western classical music performances are rarer.
[[Image:Marine drive.jpg|thumb|240px|'''Marine Drive''']]
*'''Slum Tour''', from ''Reality Tours and Travel'' ''+91 22'' 22833872, [http://www.realitytoursandtravel.com], or ''Be the Local Tours'' ''+91 9930027370'', [http://www.bethelocaltoursandtravels.com/], can be set up to walk through Dharavi, Asia's largest slum. Both groups are socially conscious, one run by students in Dharavi itself, and many of the proceeds go to charity. 500 Rs from Be the Local gives a 3.5 hour tour of the slum while 800 Rs from Reality Tours and Travel includes a trip to Dhobi Ghat, the largest open air laundry in the world, and the red light district. Short walks are also available from Be the Local. Note: Photos are not permitted during either group's tour of the slum, out of respect for the residents. If you must have that slum pic, just provide your guide with your email details, they will be happy to arrange to email you a nice set of pics.
* '''Harbour Cruise''', Gateway of India, ''+91 22'' 2202 3585. Cruises leave every 30 min daily except during the monsoon season (Jun-Sep). Rs. 40.
* '''Heritage walks''', Navyug Niketan, 185 Walkeshwar Road, Teenbatti, Mumbai, 400 006 ''+91 22'' 2683 5856 ''+91 22'' 2369 0992 (''Contact Brinda Gaitonde or Abha Bahl [mailto:heritagewalks@hotmail.com heritagewalks@hotmail.com]''). Organized by two architects, these walks take you around various historic and architecturally significant areas of the city. Walks are organized on the third Sunday of every month (with a break from June through August for the monsoons) and the route varies each time. The walks last around 90 min. Rs. 100 (''Discounted rates for students and the physically challenged'').
* '''Marine Drive''' — It is a beautiful drive.
* '''Kala Ghoda''' [http://www.kalaghodaassociation.com/] — The arts and crafts festival is held in the last week of Jan or first week of Feb annually in the historic precinct of Kala ghoda in Mumbai.
* '''Taj Private Yacht''' — If you can afford it (at $300/hr, including drinks & meals), rent the Taj's private yacht (has two sun decks and three bedrooms) for a cruise around the Mumbai harbour.
* '''Poonawallas Breeders Multimillion''' — On the last Sunday of Feb, the glitterati of Mumbai dress up for the Ascot of Mumbai at the Mahalaxmi Race Course. With High Tea, amazing hats, and hundreds of ordinary punters staking their little all on the outside chance, this is the event to attend in Mumbai so try to cage a ticket if you happen to visit around then.
===Festivals===
While many religious festivals are celebrated by people in Mumbai, a few of these are essentially public and social occasions, where the traveller can participate.
* '''Mumbai Festival''',held in Jan every year. Sample the vibrant culture of the city. The festival covers theater, sports, fashion, food, and shopping.
* '''Banganga Festival''' — The musical festival is organized by Maharashtra Tourism (MTDC) [http://www.maharashtratourism.gov.in]annually at Banganga Tank on Malabar Hill in Jan.
* '''Elephanta Festival''', Elephanta Island, Mumbai ( ''MTDC Reservation Division:'' ''+91 22'' 2202 6713, ''+91 22'' 2202 7762; ''Dadar, Near. Pritam Hotel:'' ''+91 22'' 2414 3200; ''Gateway of India:'' ''+91 22'' 2284 1877; ''Churchgate:'' ''+91 22'' 2209 3229; ''Rhythm House'' ''+91 22''2284 2835; ''Archies Gallery, Churchgate'' ''+91 22'' 2202 7511 Extn. 113, ''+91''93246 35505) [http://www.maharashtratourism.gov.in]. Festival of music and dance takes place around Feb every year. The festival saw performances by renowned artists like Alarmel Valli, Sanjeev Abhyankar, and Ananda Shankar. There will be traditional ''Koli'' dances and traditional food. 7PM-10PM (''Ferries start at 4PM''), Rs. 300 (''per day, includes to and from journey by ferry from Gateway of India to Elephanta Island'')
* '''Janmashtami''', Jul/Aug. Birth Anniversary of Lord Krishna. Earthen pots full of curd are strung high up across the streets. Young men stand on top of one another to form a human pyramid and attempt to break the pots.
* '''Ramadan-Id''' — Muslim festival marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan. Marked by feasting at many places. Non-Muslims can also join in.
* '''Ganesh Chaturthi''', Aug/Sep. It is Mumbai's most important and colorful festivals. During the 10 day celebration, Lord Ganesh is worshiped in millions of homes. See the colourful processions and participate in them.
* '''Mt. Mary's Feast''', Sep. The feast in honor of Our Lady of the Mount is celebrated with great solemnity at St. Mary's Church, Bandra. A week long Bandra fair is held during this time attracting huge crowds.
* '''Navratri''', Sep/Oct. This is a 10 day festival, where nine of the nights are spent in worship and entire Mumbai swings to the rhythm of Garba and Raas dances of Gujarati community.
* '''Diwali''', Oct/Nov. Festival of Lights. Start of New Year and opening of new accounts. Worshiping of Goddess Laxmi. Participate in the fireworks and view the bright lights.
*'''Christmas''', Dec. This is charcterised by Mid night ( nowadays held around 8 or 9pm on Christmas eve due to restrictions on loud speakers) masses in churches and is usually followed by a number of private parties all across the city.
==Learn== <!-- If there are opportunities for travellers to study in this city -- from language to cooking classes up to full university courses -- add that here. Please favour variety. Not every yoga institute has to be listed here. Try to add other activities that a traveller might find interesting to learn. -->
===Yoga===
* '''Iyengar Yogashraya''' (''Local Stn. Lower Parel''), Elmac House, Senapati Bapat Marg, Lower Parel West, Mumbai ''+91 22'' 2494 8416 [http://www.bksiyengar.com/]. This is the institute run by the renowned B K S Iyengar. Mon, Tue, Thu, Sat 6:30PM-8PM Rs. 111 per day.
* '''The Yoga Institute''' (''Local Stn. SantaCruz''), Prabhat Colony, Yogendra Marg, Santa Cruz East, Mumbai'' +91 22'' 2611 0506 [http://www.theyogainstitute.org/]. This is the more famous of the Yoga institutes in the city. It is also probably more conveniently located if you are staying in the Western Suburbs. The Institute was founded in 1918 by Shri Yogendra as a research and educational organization and today is directed by his son Jayadeva Yogendra, Ph.D., who is also the editor of the quarterly magazine Yoga and Total Health.
* '''Kaivalyadham''', 43, (''Local Stn. Marine Lines'') Netaji Subhash Rd, Marine Drive, ''+91 22'' 2281 8417 [http://www.kdham.com/].
*'''Jehangir and Dhan Palkhivala Spark Centre''', Sleater Road, Near Grant Road Station. Classes Tue—Sat. ''+91 22''2351 7112 ''+91 22'' 2351 1309.
*'''Free Yoga with Nikhamji'''at various hubs like borivali, Mira road ( Jehangid Complex), various suburbs in Mumbai every Sun 7AM by Nikam Guruji Followers.
===Coma===
*Butter chicken and naan
*Kebab rolls
*Indian Chinese
*As many different kinds of chaat as your stomach can handle
*Indian sweets- milky, delicious concoctions (try the kulfi falooda at Badshah's in Crawford market)
*Vada pav (the great Indian veg burger)
*South Indian food from an Udupi restaurant
*Kingfisher Blue beer
==Stay safe==
For a city of its size and global importance, Mumbai is quite safe. However, as with any foreign city, it is best to err on the side of safety and act according to your local environment. Here are a few basic safety tips:
* Keep your money and credit cards safe at all times. Always carry some cash as many places won't take cards.
* Do not display 500 and 1000 rupee (about 15 euro)notes in public.
* Beware of pickpockets on buses and trains.
* Also beware of mobile, chain, or bag snatchers who operate in densely populated places, such as railway stations, busy roads, and traffic signals.
* Women traveling by train, especially on off-peak routes should travel in the second class where at least a few co-passengers are also found.
* Women (especially Westerners) should avoid crowded places, you might well get groped. Cases of men pinching or touching women are common in crowded public places, including nicer nightspots. Create a scene if this does happen to you, there will be enough people around that will come to your defence. In general, in Mumbai, if you are ever worried about your safety, make a loud scene. It is an extremely crowded city, and somebody is always around and willing to help.
* Women should never ever take lifts from strangers. Western women tourists should note that if they visit a disco or pub in Mumbai or India, don't take lifts or even get too friendly with strangers. You will almost certainly get conned, if not worse. Many Indian men presume that if you're foreign you must be easy.
* Don't ever let an auto or taxi you are traveling in pick up any more people, or pull over before your final destination.
* Police can sometimes be almost as shady as criminals in Mumbai. At night, women should ensure if they are ever stopped by police, there needs to be a female police officer present or they are well within their rights in demanding the presence of a woman cop.
Although violent crime in Mumbai is much less than in Delhi, it does sometimes occur. Most notably, '''terrorists''' have staged several murderous attacks in Mumbai, targeting banks and the stock exchange in 1993 (killing around 300), commuter trains in 2006 (killing over 200) and top hotels including the Taj Mahal Palace and Oberoi in 2008 (over 170 dead). The last of these saw foreigners, specifically Americans, Britons and Israelis, explicitly targeted for the first time.
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